How to Solve New Pattern Syllogisms with Examples



Hello and welcome to exampundit. Here is an awesome article on How to Solve new pattern Syllogisms for SBI & IBPS PO Exam. This article is written by EP’s own, Sourav!

Choose the options that indicates a combination where the third statement can be logically deduced from the first two statements and that option will be your answer.


1.
A. No fishes breathe through lungs.
B. All fishes have scales.
C. Some fishes breed up stream.
D. All whales breathe through lungs.
E. No whales are fishes.
F. All whales are mammals.
(a)
ABC
(b) BCD
(c) ADE
(d) DEF

RULE: In these questions, you are asked to test the validity of syllogism…. Check from the options only…..In options, if from 1st statement & 2nd statement, you get the 3rd statement…. Then the respective option is the answer…. i.e. you just need to check the set in which the 3rd statement is a logical conclusion of the first two.

 

Check
(in first option) statement A suggests no F breathe through L. Next statement B gives all F have S Statement C suggests some F breed up ST (stream). But here statement C is not the logical conclusion of the first two. The diagram would look like this-
Hence eliminate the first option.

In second option also, “all F have S” & “some F breed up ST” do not conclude “all W breathe through L” .Clearly no need to draw any diagram because W & L are not present in its parent statements.

Here the 3rd option is the answer because statement E ( no W are F) is the correct conclusion of statement A (no F breathe through L) & statement D (all W breathe through L)

2. A. Some of my closest friends disapprove of me.
    B. Some of my closest friends are aardvarks.
    C. All of my closest friends disapprove of me.
    D. All who disapprove of me are aardvarks.
    E. Some who disapprove of me are aardvarks.
    F. Some of my closest friends are no aardvarks.

(a) BCD
(b) ABD
(c) BCE
(d) ABE   

 

 

Check (in 1st option) if from statement B & statement C we get the Statement D (some CF are A, all CF are D—- does it imply All D are A ??? ) but here All D are not A. The Venn diagram would look like this-

 

D1 or D2 don’t support the conclusion that All D are A. Hence eliminate option 1.
Now examine option 2. Draw a diagram & check; it will look like below. (ARD2 can also be drawn to include all of D). However, as we do not know which case is true it can’t be concluded that All D are ARD.
Here the answer is option 3. We know that the intersection of CF & ARD contains those elements in the conclusion. Hence E follows from B & C.

3. A. All roses are fragrant.
    B. All roses are majestic.
C. All roses are plants.
    D. All roses need air.
    E. All plants need air.
    F. All plants need water.
(a) CED
(b) ACB
(c) BDC
(d) CFE

 

In option 1, all R are P; all P need A , which surely implies all R need A. The diagram would look like this-

 

So option 1 is the answer. No need to check other options.

 

NOTE :  Quite many questions have come from this section till now and the trend is expected to continue in Mains. The more you practice, the more you focus , the more it will become a control on Syllog. So keep practicing the basic syllogism terminology.

 

Regards

Team ExamPundit