Hello and welcome to exampundit.in. Here are the important Current Affairs Today 19th September 2020. These are important for the upcoming Exams. Candidates who were preparing for the examination can use these current affairs and also you can download the same as PDF.
Current Affairs Today – 19th September 2020
NEWS AT A GLANCE
- International Equal Pay Day is being celebrated for the first time on 18 September, 2020.
- State Bank of India (SBI) has decided to extend OTP-based cash withdrawal of ₹10,000 and above throughout the day across all its ATMs.
- Lakshmi Vilas Bank (LVB) said the mutual due diligence relating to the proposed amalgamation of the Clix Group with the Bank is substantially complete, and the parties are in discussions on the next steps.
- The Administrative Council which met under the chairmanship of Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha gave its nod to implementation of the World Bank-assisted project for strengthening of health care institutions.
- Asian Development Bank (ADB) agreed to invest $500 million to Bengaluru Metro Rail Corporation’s (BMRCL) line linking Central Silk Board Junction to Kempegowda International Airport – ORR-Airport Metro – Phase-2A and 2B.
- The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), the golden goose that has come to the rescue of the government time and again, has cumulatively invested Rs 25 lakh crore as of March 2020 in the public sector.
- The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade issued notification extending the date of implementation of Toys (Quality Control) Order, 2020 as 1st January 2021 in place of 1st September 2020.
- The Government of India is to launch a production linked incentive scheme in order to reduce dependence on Chinese import of chemicals.
- Government of India (GoI) launched the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) as a long-term, time-bound, national-level strategy.
- Lok Sabha passed the Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 and The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020.
- The Union Government has approved the amendment in Foreign Direct Investment Policy in Defence Sector.
- A training programme for capacity development of Anganwadi Workers and farm Women to achieve the national nutrition goals was organized by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
- Maharashtra government launched a scheme ‘Late Balasaheb Thackeray Road Accident Insurance Scheme’ to provide financial and medical help, at the government cost, to road accident victims.
- Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur virtually inaugurated the “Swachhata Cafe” at Nalagarh in Solan district on the birthday of Prime Minister Narendra Modi from Shimla.
- Telangana IT and Industries Minister KT Rama Rao (KTR) launched the Primary Agricultural Co-Operative Society (PACS), Pothgal web portal www.pacspothgal.com. The website is available in Telugu and English.
- Gujarat State government has announced a subsidy scheme to encourage use of electric vehicles.
- Tourism India, Hyderabad has taken up a massive campaign to create awareness among tourists and students of Telangana and Haryana states, the pairing states, under the Ek Bharat, Shrestha Bharat programme.
- In Uttar Pradesh, the State Government has decided to launch a massive recruitment drive in the state to provide government jobs to the youth and fill the vacant post in different departments.
- Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh inaugurated different projects apart from laying the foundation stone for several projects. The projects, which were inaugurated by the Chief Minister, were two Transit Accommodation for doctors and teachers, barrack for Police Training College and a Model Police Station.
- the Nepal government introduced new textbooks with revised political map of the country.
- The Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) the first-ever completely online conference cum workshop IMPACT 2020 from 16-18 Sep 2020.
- Udit Singhal, an 18-year-old Indian boy, has been included by the United Nations (UN) in the 2020 Class of 17 Young Leaders for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
- Online poker platform 9stacks has signed Suresh Raina as its brand ambassador.
- The International Tennis Federation (ITF) has renamed the Fed Cup, an annual team competition in women tennis, as the “Billie Jean King Cup.”
- The 36th National Games allotted to Goa, which was scheduled from October 20 to November 4, 2020, had been postponed due to outbreak of the Covid-19.
- Researchers at Helmholtz Zentrum München and the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have developed the world’s smallest ultrasound detector.
- Astronomers have recently found a potential sign of life in the atmosphere of Venus.
- Booker Prize-winning author Arundhati Roy has come up with her new book titled ‘Azadi: Freedom. Fascism. Fiction.’
- French-born author, journalist, historian Claude Arpi has written fourth and final volume of his book titled End of an Era, India Exits Tibet.
- Former Indian cricketer Sachin Deshmukh, who played Cooch Behar Trophy and Ranji trophy, has passed away, after he developed coronavirus complications.
- Tamil filmmaker Babu Sivan has passed away in Chennai following multiple organ failure. He was 54.
- Google has taken down India’s popular digital payments app Paytm and another fantasy sports platform Paytm First Games from its playstore for various policy violations related to online gambling and sports betting.
NEWS IN DETAILS
IMPORTANT DAYS AND THEMES
International Equal Pay Day observed on 18 September
- International Equal Pay Day is being celebrated for the first time on 18 September, 2020.
- The day aims to achieve equal pay for work of equal value and break the walls against all forms of discrimination, including discrimination against women and girls.
- Theme of International Equal Pay Day 2020: Building back a better future of work by ensuring pay equity.
- The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution to observe September 18 as International Equal Pay Day, on November 15, 2019, which was introduced by the Equal Pay International Coalition (EPIC).
Extra Shots:
UN
- Headquarters: New York, New York, United States
- Founded: 24 October 1945, San Francisco, California, United States
- Official languages: Arabic; Chinese; English; French; Russian; Spanish;
- Secretary general: António Guterres
BANKING & FINANCE
SBI plans 24×7 OTP-based cash withdrawal above Rs. 10,000
- State Bank of India (SBI) has decided to extend OTP-based cash withdrawal of ₹10,000 and above throughout the day across all its ATMs.
- For withdrawing ₹10,000 and above, SBI debit card holders now have to enter the OTP sent on their registered mobile numbers, along with their debit card PIN each time.
Extra Shots:
SBI
- Chairperson: Rajnish Kumar
- Headquarters: Mumbai
LVB merger with Clix Group on track; completes substantial due diligence
- Lakshmi Vilas Bank (LVB) said the mutual due diligence relating to the proposed amalgamation of the Clix Group with the Bank is substantially complete, and the parties are in discussions on the next steps.
- Now shares of Lakshmi Vilas Bank zoomed 10 per cent to hit an intra-day high of Rs 22.35 per share
- After the merger, the entire shareholders’ fund of Clix Capital of around Rs 1,900 crore and assets of around Rs 4,600 crore, will get amalgamated into the bank.
Extra Shots:
LVB
- Headquarters: Chennai
- Founded: 1926
World Bank agrees to finance 50 Million US$ for strengthening of Healthcare Institutions in JK
- The Administrative Council which met under the chairmanship of Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha gave its nod to implementation of the World Bank-assisted project for strengthening of health care institutions.
- The project aims to provide equipment for intensive care units/operation theatres, laboratories and power back up systems at the district level, manifold system and gas pipelines at Sub District Hospital (SDH)/ Community Health Center (CHC) level, and critical care ambulances.
Extra Shots:
World Bank
- Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States
- President: David Malpass
- Parent organization: World Bank Group
ADB, JICA to fund ORR-Airport Metro rail connectivity
- Asian Development Bank (ADB) agreed to invest $500 million to Bengaluru Metro Rail Corporation’s (BMRCL) line linking Central Silk Board Junction to Kempegowda International Airport – ORR-Airport Metro – Phase-2A and 2B.
- The total cost for airport linkage is estimated at ₹14,844 crore.
- The ADB funding is part-finance of the project cost. In addition to ADB, BMRCL is getting around $500 million funding from Japan International Cooperation Agency(JICA).
Extra Shots:
ADB
- Headquarters: Mandaluyong, Philippines
- President: Masatsugu Asakawa
- Founded: 19 December 1966
- Membership: 68 countries
- Purpose: Economic development
BUSINESS & ECONOMY
LIC’s investments in PSUs surge to Rs 25 lakh crore, private sector share dips
- The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), the golden goose that has come to the rescue of the government time and again, has cumulatively invested Rs 25 lakh crore as of March 2020 in the public sector.
- LIC’s PSU investments rose from Rs 13.4 lakh crore in FY15 to Rs 22.6 lakh crore in FY19.
Extra Shots:
LIC
- Headquarters: Mumbai
- Chairperson: M R Kumar
- Founder: Government of India
- Founded: 1 September 1956
NATIONAL CURRENT AFFAIRS
DPIIT extends date of implementation of Toys (Quality Control) Order, 2020 to 1st January 2021
- The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade issued notification extending the date of implementation of Toys (Quality Control) Order, 2020 as 1st January 2021 in place of 1st September 2020.
- This decision allows domestic manufacturers four months of extra time to make necessary arrangements for compliance of standards in view of difficulties arising out of COVID-19 pandemic.
Extra Shots:
DPIIT
- Founded: 1995
- Parent organization: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
GoI to launch Rs 25,000 crore plan to cut Chinese Imports
- The Government of India is to launch a production linked incentive scheme in order to reduce dependence on Chinese import of chemicals.
- The scheme will have an outlay of Rs 25,000 crores and is to be implemented over the next five years.
GoI launched National Clean Air Programme
- Government of India (GoI) launched the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) as a long-term, time-bound, national-level strategy.
- The programme aims to tackle the air pollution problem across the country in a comprehensive manner.
- The target is to achieve a 20%-30% reduction in Particulate Matter concentrations by 2024 keeping 2017 as the base year for the comparison of concentration.
Highlights:
- Based on the Air Quality data from 2014-2018, 122 non-attainment cities have been identified across the country under NCAP.
- The city-specific action plans include measures to strengthen the monitoring network, reducing vehicular/industrial emissions, increasing public awareness, etc.
- The programme will monitor the implementation of the city-specific action plans that are regularly monitored by Central and State level Committees namely the Steering Committee, Implementation Committee, and Monitoring Committee.
- The air quality of cities is monitored by State Pollution Control Boards (SPCB) which publishes their results from time to time.
- Also, for effective monitoring, few Smart Cities have established Integrated Command and Control Centres (ICCCs) which are connected to Air Quality Monitors (AQMs).
Lok Sabha passed two Farm reform Bills
- Lok Sabha passed the Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 and The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020.
- The Bills were aimed to transform agriculture in the country and raising farmers’ income.
- The Bills were introduced in Lok Sabha by Union Minister of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare, Rural Development & Panchayati Raj Narendra Singh Tomar on 14th September 2020.
- The Bills will replace ordinances promulgated on 5th June 2020.
Union govt approves amendment in Foreign Direct Investment Policy in Defence Sector.
- The Union Government has approved the amendment in Foreign Direct Investment Policy in Defence Sector.
- FDI is allowed up to 74 per cent through automatic route and beyond 74 per cent to be permitted through government route.
- This announcement was made by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
- To enhance ease of doing business and contribute to growth of investment, income and employment.
- He said, foreign investments in the defence sector shall be subject to scrutiny on grounds of national security.
- India is having the second largest armed force in the world.
- India is the third largest country in the world in terms of allocating the defence budget.
- Ordnance Factory Board is the largest government-operated production organisation in the world.
Extra Shots:
FDI
A foreign direct investment is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.
ICAR organizes training programme for capacity development of Anganwadi Workers & Farm Women
- A training programme for capacity development of Anganwadi Workers and farm Women to achieve the national nutrition goals was organized by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
- It was organised yesterday as part of the third Rashtriya Poshan Maah being celebrated in the month of September throughout the country.
- Around one lakh Poshan kits were also distributed among Anganwadi workers by Krishi Vigyan Kendras all over the country.
Extra Shots:
ICAR
- Headquarters location: New Delhi
- Founded: 16 July 1929
STATE CURRENT AFFAIRS
Maharashtra Govt launches road accident insurance scheme named after Balasaheb Thackeray
- Maharashtra government launched a scheme ‘Late Balasaheb Thackeray Road Accident Insurance Scheme’ to provide financial and medical help, at the government cost, to road accident victims.
- The free treatment scheme ha a provision of providing immediate medical and financial help to any person injured in an accident in Maharashtra, irrespective of his or her domicile or nationality.
- The victim will be treated at the nearest hospital for the first 72 hours.
- Treatment of up to Rs 35,000 will be free of cost. That includes treatment in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), as well as the victim’s stay and food in the respective hospital.
Extra Shots:
Maharashtra
- Capital: Mumbai
- Chief Minister: Uddhav Thackeray
- Governor: Bhagat Singh Koshyari
- National Parks: Chandoli National Park, Nawegaon National Park, Gugamal National Park, Pench National Park, Sanjay Gandhi (Borivilli) National Park, Tadoba National Park
- Wildlife Sanctuaries: Amba Barwa WLS, Bor WLS, Great Indian Bustard WLS, Lonar WLS, Melghat WLS, Gangewadi New Great Indian Bustard WLS, etc.
Himachal Pradesh CM inaugurates “Swachhata Cafe” in Solan district
- Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur virtually inaugurated the “Swachhata Cafe” at Nalagarh in Solan district on the birthday of Prime Minister Narendra Modi from Shimla.
- The Cafe is being operated by Laxmi and Durga women self help groups.
- The main attraction of this Cafe is that it would serve traditional food such as maize bread and Sarson ka saag, butter, lassi etc
- ‘Swachhata Park’ is also being opened at Kufri in district Shimla.
Extra Shots:
Himachal Pradesh:
- State formed on: 25 January 1971
- Governor: Bandaru Dattatreya
- Chief Minister: Jai Ram Thakur
- Official language: Hindi
- Literacy Rate: 83.78%
Telangana minister launches farm cooperative society website
- Telangana IT and Industries Minister KT Rama Rao (KTR) launched the Primary Agricultural Co-Operative Society (PACS), Pothgal web portal www.pacspothgal.com. The website is available in Telugu and English.
- PACS Pothgal is the first PACS in India to come up with a web portal that has all the details of loans, loan processes, and services offered by the society.
- Information related to the finished and upcoming projects such as petrol bunks, godowns, food processing industries, ATMs, office buildings, are mentioned on the website.
Extra Shots:
Telangana
- Statehood day:2 June 2014
- Capital:Hyderabad
- Chief Minister: Kalvakuntla Chandrashekhar Rao
- Governor: Tamilisai Soundararajan
- Literacy Rate: 66.46%
Gujarat announced subsidy support for e-bike, e-rickshaw
- Gujarat State government has announced a subsidy scheme to encourage use of electric vehicles.
- The scheme will augment e-vehicle charging facilities, the State government has also announced financial assistance of Rs.50 lakh to set up charging infrastructure.
- The scheme aims challenges posed by climate change.
Highlights:
- The scheme aims to provide subsidy support to students studying above Class 9 to purchase two-wheelers.
- Also, individuals and institutional beneficiaries will get subsidy support for three-wheelers.
- The scheme will offer subsidy of Rs.12,000 for a battery-operated electric two-wheeler, and Rs.48,000 for an e-rickshaw (three-wheeler).
- The subsidy will be provided for the first 10,000 two-wheelers and 5,000 three-wheelers.
- To support the initiatives for climate change, the Gujarat State government has signed memorandums of understanding (MoUs) with 10 organisations for various objectives.
Extra Shots:
Gujarat:
- Capital: Gandhinagar
- Chief Minister: Vijay Rupani
- Governor: Acharya Devvrat
- State formed on: 1 May 1960
- Literacy Rate: 79.31%
- National Park: Vansda NP, Blackbuck NP, Gir Forest NP, Marine NP, Gulf of Kutch
Hyderabad takes up massive campaign to create awareness among tourists
- Tourism India, Hyderabad has taken up a massive campaign to create awareness among tourists and students of Telangana and Haryana states, the pairing states, under the Ek Bharat, Shrestha Bharat programme.
- They have taken up several programmes under the Ek Bharat, Shrestha Bharat programme, creating Awareness among students and tourists of both the states.
Extra Shots:
Telangana
- Statehood day:2 June 2014
- Capital:Hyderabad
- Chief Minister: Kalvakuntla Chandrashekhar Rao
- Governor: Tamilisai Soundararajan
- Literacy Rate: 66.46%
Uttar Pradesh govt decides to launch massive recruitment drive
- In Uttar Pradesh, the State Government has decided to launch a massive recruitment drive in the state to provide government jobs to the youth and fill the vacant post in different departments.
Extra Shots:
Uttar Pradesh:
- Statehood Day: January 26, 1950
- Capital: Lucknow
- Chief Minister: Yogi Adityanath
- Governor: Anandiben Patel
- Literacy Rate: 67.68%
- Nation Park: Dudhwa National Park
Manipur CM inaugurates, lays foundation stone for several projects in state
- Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh inaugurated different projects apart from laying the foundation stone for several projects. The projects, which were inaugurated by the Chief Minister, were two Transit Accommodation for doctors and teachers, barrack for Police Training College and a Model Police Station.
- The Chief Minister also laid foundation stones for five Heliports, 12 Storage Warehouses, CEO Office, nine DC Offices, 17 Transit Hostels for government officials, 1000-capacity Convention Centre with Training Hall, new women’s market complex, different building for Manipur Police and others.
Extra Shots:
Manipur
- Statehood Day: 21 January, 1972
- Capital: Imphal
- Governor: Najma Heptulla
- Chief Minister: N. Biren Singh
INTERNATIONAL CURRENT AFFAIRS
Nepal introduces Text Books with new map including Indian territories
- the Nepal government introduced new textbooks with revised political map of the country.
- The new political map includes Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura areas.
- These regions are claimed by India.
- India and Nepal have border disputes over Kalapani, Limpiyadhura and Lipulekh regions.
- The region is a trijunction between India, China and Nepal.
- The countries have border demarcation issues over the Susta area in the West Champaran district of Bihar as well.
- The new political map was launched by Nepal in May 2020.
Extra Shots:
Nepal (Capital/Currency): Kathmandu/ Nepalese Rupee
- President: Bidhya Devi Bhandari
SUMMITS AND CONFERENCES
AFMC Hosts IMPACT 2020 Virtually
- The Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) the first-ever completely online conference cum workshop IMPACT 2020 from 16-18 Sep 2020.
- The unique conference has been designed with the medical researcher in mind.
- The conference is organized by the Medical Journal Armed Forces India (MJAFI) as it celebrates its 76th publishing volume this year.
Highlights:
- The three-day event will feature distinguished faculty from among reviewers, authors, and editors will conduct interactive sessions on contemporary issues in medical publishing.
- The new guidelines for the promotion of teachers in the medical profession will be released during the conference.
- The new guidelines mandate the publication of research articles in peer-reviewed indexed journals.
NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL AWARDS
Indian Teenager Udit Singhal, named in UN’s 2020 list of Young Leaders for Sustainable Goals
- Udit Singhal, an 18-year-old Indian boy, has been included by the United Nations (UN) in the 2020 Class of 17 Young Leaders for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
- Udit is the founder of Glass2Sand, a zero-waste ecosystem that addresses the growing menace of glass waste in Delhi.
- His initiative has prevented empty glass bottles from getting dumped into landfills and instead turned it into sands, making it commercially viable.
APPOINTMENTS IN NEWS
Online poker platform 9stacks signs Suresh Raina as brand ambassador
- Online poker platform 9stacks has signed Suresh Raina as its brand ambassador.
- A left-handed batsman and a spin bowler, Raina will anchor the brand and help in creating a higher brand recall amongst the key target audience.
SPORTS CURRENT AFFAIRS
ITF Renames Fed Cup as Billie Jean King Cup
- The International Tennis Federation (ITF) has renamed the Fed Cup, an annual team competition in women tennis, as the “Billie Jean King Cup.”
- Billie Jean King was a pioneer in women’s tennis who helped the United States win the inaugural event.
- The Billie Jean King Cup is the world’s largest annual women’s international team sports competition in terms of the number of nations that compete.
Extra Shots:
International Tennis Federation (ITF)
- Headquarters: London, United Kingdom
- President: David Haggerty
- Founded: 1 March 1913
The 36th National Games allotted to Goa have been postponed due to Covid-19 pandemic
- The 36th National Games allotted to Goa, which was scheduled from October 20 to November 4, 2020, had been postponed due to outbreak of the Covid-19.
- Central assistance of Rs.97.80 crore has been released to the Government of Goa for creation / development of sports infrastructure for 36th National Games.
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CURRENT AFFAIRS
Scientists Develop World’s Smallest Ultrasound Detector
- Researchers at Helmholtz Zentrum München and the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have developed the world’s smallest ultrasound detector.
- It is based on miniaturized photonic circuits on top of a silicon chip.
- With a size 100 times smaller than an average human hair, the new detector can visualize features that are much smaller than previously possible, leading to what is known as super-resolution imaging.
Astronomers finds possible hints of life in the clouds of Venus
- Astronomers have recently found a potential sign of life in the atmosphere of Venus.
- Two telescopes in Hawaii and Chile have spotted the chemical signature of phosphine in the thick Venutian clouds.
- This has given a hint that there may be bizarre microbes living in the sulfuric acid-laden clouds of Venus.
Highlights:
- The researchers first used the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) in Hawaii to detect the phosphine. Then, they used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile.
- Both the facilities observed Venus at a wavelength of about 1 millimeter at a high altitude.
- It has been speculated high clouds on Venus could offer a home for microbes.
- The detection of phosphine molecules, which consist of hydrogen and phosphorus, could point to this extra-terrestrial aerial life.
BOOKS & AUTHORS
Arundhati Roy Pens new Book titled Azadi: Freedom. Fascism. Fiction.
- Booker Prize-winning author Arundhati Roy has come up with her new book titled ‘Azadi: Freedom. Fascism. Fiction.’
- The book has been published by the Penguin Books Ltd.
- In the book, the author challenges us to reflect on the meaning of freedom in a world of growing authoritarianism, especially during the time of Coronavirus Pandemic.
The End of an Era; India Exits Tibet by Claude Arpi
- French-born author, journalist, historian Claude Arpi has written fourth and final volume of his book titled End of an Era, India Exits Tibet.
- The book highlights India Tibet relation between 1947 and 1962. it also focuses on India losing all its influence in Tibet.
- It shows Nehru Memorial Library papers, de-classified Indian and Chinese documents and personal interviews.
OBITUARY
Ranji Player Sachin Deshmukh nicknamed as ‘Mini Gavaskar’ passes away at 52 due to coronavirus
- Former Indian cricketer Sachin Deshmukh, who played Cooch Behar Trophy and Ranji trophy, has passed away, after he developed coronavirus complications.
- The 52-year-old player was referred to as ‘Mini Gavaskar’ in local cricket.
- He was the part of Mumbai and Maharashtra Ranji teams
- Deshmukh holds a unique record for scoring 7 centuries in 7 matches while playing for Pune University during the All-India Inter-University tournament.
Veteran Tamil Director Babu Sivan passes away at 54
- Tamil filmmaker Babu Sivan has passed away in Chennai following multiple organ failure. He was 54.
- Babu Sivan made his directorial debut in 2009 with the film Vettaikaaran starring Vijay and Anushka Shetty.
- However, he did not get an opportunity to direct again after that.
MISCELLANEOUS
Google bans Paytm from playstore citing violations, payments app
- Google has taken down India’s popular digital payments app Paytm and another fantasy sports platform Paytm First Games from its playstore for various policy violations related to online gambling and sports betting.
- Google decided to terminate Google Play Developer accounts after repeated policy violations by the app developer and they will only be brought back into the playstore when the developer complies by the regulations.
Extra Shots:
- CEO: Sundar Pichai
- Founded: 4 September 1998, Menlo Park, California, United States
- Parent organization: Alphabet Inc.
- Headquarters: Mountain View, California, United States
- Founders: Larry Page, Sergey Brin
